{
    "name": "Solution Dilution Calculator",
    "url": "https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/solution-dilution-calculator",
    "markdown": "https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/solution-dilution-calculator.md",
    "category": "Science & engineering",
    "description": "Work out how much stock solution to dilute, the final volume or either concentration with C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, plus the diluent to add and the dilution factor.",
    "summary": "Diluting does not change the amount of solute, so concentration × volume is the same before and after. Solve for whichever of the four values you do not know.",
    "also_called": [
        "C1V1 = C2V2 calculator",
        "Stock dilution calculator"
    ],
    "applies_to": "Worldwide",
    "last_updated": "2026-10-29",
    "computation": "Results are computed in the visitor’s browser on the HTML page. This API describes the calculator; it does not compute results.",
    "inputs": [
        {
            "name": "solve_for",
            "label": "Solve for",
            "type": "select",
            "default": "v1",
            "options": {
                "v1": "Stock volume needed (V₁)",
                "v2": "Final volume (V₂)",
                "c1": "Stock concentration (C₁)",
                "c2": "Final concentration (C₂)"
            }
        },
        {
            "name": "c1",
            "label": "Stock concentration (C₁)",
            "type": "number",
            "default": "1"
        },
        {
            "name": "v1",
            "label": "Stock volume (V₁)",
            "type": "number",
            "default": "",
            "unit": "mL"
        },
        {
            "name": "c2",
            "label": "Final concentration (C₂)",
            "type": "number",
            "default": "0.1"
        },
        {
            "name": "v2",
            "label": "Final volume (V₂)",
            "type": "number",
            "default": "250",
            "unit": "mL"
        }
    ],
    "outputs": [
        {
            "key": "answer",
            "label": "Answer",
            "format": "text"
        },
        {
            "key": "diluent",
            "label": "Solvent to add (V₂ − V₁)",
            "format": "number"
        },
        {
            "key": "factor",
            "label": "Dilution factor (C₁ ÷ C₂)",
            "format": "multiple"
        },
        {
            "key": "c1",
            "label": "C₁",
            "format": "number"
        },
        {
            "key": "v1",
            "label": "V₁",
            "format": "number"
        },
        {
            "key": "c2",
            "label": "C₂",
            "format": "number"
        },
        {
            "key": "v2",
            "label": "V₂",
            "format": "number"
        }
    ],
    "formula": {
        "text": "C₁ × V₁ = C₂ × V₂;  diluent = V₂ − V₁;  dilution factor = C₁ ÷ C₂ = V₂ ÷ V₁",
        "variables": {
            "C₁, V₁": "concentration and volume of the stock used",
            "C₂, V₂": "concentration and total volume after dilution"
        }
    },
    "worked_example": {
        "inputs": {
            "solve_for": "v1",
            "c1": "1",
            "v1": "",
            "c2": "0.1",
            "v2": "250"
        },
        "steps": [
            "V₁ = C₂ × V₂ ÷ C₁ = 0.1 × 250 ÷ 1 = 25 mL.",
            "Solvent to add = 250 − 25 = 225 mL; dilution factor = 1 ÷ 0.1 = 10."
        ],
        "result": "To make 250 mL of 0.1 M from 1 M stock, take 25 mL of stock and make it up to 250 mL (about 225 mL of solvent)."
    },
    "interpretation": "In the lab, measure V₁ of stock into a volumetric flask and fill to the V₂ mark rather than adding exactly V₂ − V₁, because volumes are not always additive.",
    "assumptions": [
        "The solute amount is conserved and the stock and final concentrations use the same unit."
    ],
    "limitations": [
        "Mixing some liquids (for example ethanol and water) changes the total volume, so “diluent to add” is approximate."
    ],
    "rules": null,
    "faqs": [
        {
            "question": "What does “1 in 10” dilution mean?",
            "answer": "One part stock in ten parts total, a dilution factor of 10: for example 25 mL made up to 250 mL."
        },
        {
            "question": "Can I use percentages or mg/mL?",
            "answer": "Yes, as long as C₁ and C₂ are in the same unit."
        }
    ],
    "sources": [],
    "related": [
        {
            "name": "Molarity Calculator",
            "url": "https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/molarity-calculator"
        },
        {
            "name": "Acid–Base Titration Calculator",
            "url": "https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/acid-base-titration-calculator"
        },
        {
            "name": "Solution pH Calculator",
            "url": "https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/solution-ph-calculator"
        }
    ],
    "disclaimer": null,
    "publisher": "GM¹X CalcVerse"
}