# GDP Calculator

> Calculate gross domestic product from consumption, investment, government spending, exports and imports, with GDP per capita and each component’s share.

Category: Everyday tools · Applies to: Worldwide · Last updated: 2026-10-29
Interactive calculator: https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/gdp-calculator

Under the expenditure approach, GDP is everything spent on final goods and services produced in a country: household consumption, investment, government purchases and net exports.

Also called: GDP expenditure approach calculator.

## Inputs
- Household consumption (C) (default 14000000)
- Gross investment (I) (default 3500000)
- Government purchases (G) (default 4000000)
- Exports (X) (default 2500000)
- Imports (M) (default 3000000)
- Population (unit people; default 300)
- Currency

## Results
- GDP
- GDP per person
- Net exports (X − M)
- Consumption share
- Investment share
- Government share
- Net exports share

## Formula

```
GDP = C + I + G + (X − M);  GDP per capita = GDP ÷ Population
```

Where:
- C: household consumption
- I: gross private investment
- G: government purchases of goods and services
- X − M: exports minus imports

## Worked example
1. Net exports = 2,500,000 − 3,000,000 = −500,000.
2. GDP = 14,000,000 + 3,500,000 + 4,000,000 − 500,000 = 21,000,000.
3. Per person: 21,000,000 ÷ 300 = 70,000.

**Result:** This small economy has a GDP of 21 million, or 70,000 per person; consumption is two-thirds of it.

## What the result means

A negative net-exports share means the country imports more than it exports; imports are subtracted because they are already counted in C, I and G but were produced abroad. To compare years, use real GDP (adjusted for inflation), not nominal figures.

## Assumptions and limits
- All amounts are nominal, for the same period and in the same currency and scale.
- Official GDP also uses statistical adjustments and the income and production approaches; it is not recomputed here.
- Real GDP, deflators and growth rates are not calculated.

## Questions

### Why are imports subtracted?

Consumption, investment and government spending include imported goods. Subtracting imports leaves only what was produced domestically.

### Are pensions and benefits part of G?

No. Transfer payments do not buy a good or service, so they are excluded; they count only when recipients spend them, as consumption.

## Related calculators
- [Inflation Calculator](https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/inflation-calculator)
- [Percentage Calculator](https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/percentage-calculator)
- [Percentage Change Calculator](https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/percentage-change-calculator)

Source: GM¹X CalcVerse — https://calculators.geekmidst.com/calculators/gdp-calculator